Introduction to programmable controllers

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Every aspect of industry—from power generation to automobile painting to
food packaging—uses programmable controllers to expand and enhance
production. In this book, you will learn about all aspects of these powerful and
versatile tools. This chapter will introduce you to the basics of programmable
controllers—from their operation to their vast range of applications. In it, we
will give you an inside look at the design philosophy behind their creation,
along with a brief history of their evolution. We will also compare programmable
controllers to other types of controls to highlight the benefits and
drawbacks of each, as well as pinpoint situations where PLCs work best.
When you finish this chapter, you will understand the fundamentals of
programmable controllers and be ready to explore the number systems
associated with them.
1-۱ DEFINITION
Programmable logic controllers, also called programmable controllers or
PLCs, are solid-state members of the computer family, using integrated
circuits instead of electromechanical devices to implement control functions.
They are capable of storing instructions, such as sequencing, timing,
counting, arithmetic, data manipulation, and communication, to control
industrial machines and processes. Figure 1-1 illustrates a conceptual
diagram of a PLC application.

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